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The Origins of Blessings

Moshe rabbenu fixed the blessing for hazan ("sustenance" in the Blessings After a Meal) for the Jewish people when manna descended. Joshua fixed the blessing for ha-aretz ( "the Land" also in the Blessings After a Meal) when they entered the Land. David and Solomon established the blessing for Jerusalem (also in the Blessings After a Meal). -Talmud, Berachot 28b The Men of the Great Assembly (Anshay Knesset ha-Gedolah) established blessings, kiddish and Havdalah for us all.   -Talmud, Berachot 33a